摘要 :
Purpose The purpose of this paper is threefold. It is aimed at identifying: a broad set of entrepreneurial activities; different university entrepreneurial models; and the entrepreneurial best practices of advanced European S&T universities. Design/methodology/approach The paper has adopted a mixed-method design. By mainly relying on primary data, collected through questionnaires and interviews with those in charge of the technology transfer offices of 20 universities belonging to the CESAER association, the empirical analysis has combined both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Findings The results of the empirical analysis have allowed five entrepreneurial activities to be identified. Three main entrepreneurial university models, based on different configurations of entrepreneurial activities, on different organisational and ecosystem characteristics and on a set of entrepreneurial best practices: an "engage" model, which focusses on local economic development; a "...
展开
Purpose The purpose of this paper is threefold. It is aimed at identifying: a broad set of entrepreneurial activities; different university entrepreneurial models; and the entrepreneurial best practices of advanced European S&T universities. Design/methodology/approach The paper has adopted a mixed-method design. By mainly relying on primary data, collected through questionnaires and interviews with those in charge of the technology transfer offices of 20 universities belonging to the CESAER association, the empirical analysis has combined both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Findings The results of the empirical analysis have allowed five entrepreneurial activities to be identified. Three main entrepreneurial university models, based on different configurations of entrepreneurial activities, on different organisational and ecosystem characteristics and on a set of entrepreneurial best practices: an "engage" model, which focusses on local economic development; a "formal" model, which focusses on the financial advantage of universities and their faculties; and a "comprehensive" model, which focusses on the local economic development and the financial advantage of universities and their faculties. Research limitations/implications - The first limitation of the present paper concerns the limited number of sampled universities. Moreover, this paper is limited to the European area. Future research could enlarge this study by increasing the number of universities and by focusing on other geographical areas. Furthermore, the paper does not assess the effectiveness of the identified entrepreneurial models in supporting entrepreneurship and local economic development. Further research could extend the present analysis and fill these gaps. Originality/value The paper contributes to the extant literature under many respects. First, it relies on original primary data. Moreover, it extends previous literature by encompassing the conventional distinction between formal and informal entrepreneurial activities. It also contributes to the emerging literature on entrepreneurial university models and the strategic approaches by identifying the different models of entrepreneurial universities in the European setting of S&T universities focusing on the role played by organisational and regional factors in affecting the adoption of a specific model by universities.
收起
摘要 :
Using a case study, the process by which a university in the UK sought to implement its strategic objective to become an entrepreneurial university, by defining a set of desirable entrepreneurial attributes for all staff, is exami...
展开
Using a case study, the process by which a university in the UK sought to implement its strategic objective to become an entrepreneurial university, by defining a set of desirable entrepreneurial attributes for all staff, is examined. It is concluded that the role of leaders, in connecting the desirable entrepreneurial attributes to the day-to-day-work of staff, is vital if an entrepreneurial culture is to be established throughout a university. Key aspects of entrepreneurial leadership that can support university-industry interaction are recommended.
收起
摘要 :
Universities play a strategic role as drivers of regional economic growth. One contribution is the establishment and support of University Spin-off companies (USOs), as a knowledge transfer mechanism, thus contributing to generati...
展开
Universities play a strategic role as drivers of regional economic growth. One contribution is the establishment and support of University Spin-off companies (USOs), as a knowledge transfer mechanism, thus contributing to generating entrepreneurial university ecosystems. Recent literature points to this as a promising and emerging research area and policymakers are increasingly investing in universities to facilitate economic growth. This is based partially on the idea that a well-established or successful entrepreneurial university ecosystem automatically leads to the emergence of business ecosystems with subsequent benefits to the region. Using the knowledge spillover theory conceptual lens in combination with a social networks approach, this is explored in the region of Andalusia (Spain), centring on the regional entrepreneurial university ecosystem and in the role of the USOs. By means of a mixed-methods approach, we identified the main actors of the Andalusian entrepreneurial university ecosystem and found how the ecosystem is enacted, using a social network approach, and how the ecosystem promotes an expansive wave effect making the knowledge spillover possible to businesses beyond the entrepreneurial university ecosystem. This study confirms empirically that the USOs are main actors in the entrepreneurial university ecosystem and strengthen knowledge transfer, by relating with other businesses beyond this ecosystem; and expands the emergent ecosystem approach into the field of entrepreneurship.
收起
摘要 :
The objective of this paper is to present evidence that there are different types of supportive faculty members. We conducted a case study on a sample of Croatian and Spanish universities by using an already tested ENTRE-U scale f...
展开
The objective of this paper is to present evidence that there are different types of supportive faculty members. We conducted a case study on a sample of Croatian and Spanish universities by using an already tested ENTRE-U scale for measuring the faculty members' attitudes. These two scenarios are quite different in terms of their innovation systems, economic context and university system. We tested and found no evidence of any statistically significant difference due to the country. These two facts suggest the possible existence of an isomorphic trajectory when implementing entrepreneurial universities regardless the context. University managers should be aware of the existence of three different types of supportive individuals. Each of these groups requires a certain program of human resource development. This shifts the debate to how entrepreneurial universities should manage the tensions arising from the need of some degree of specialization in any of the three roles of the faculty members, namely teaching, researching and transfer of the knowledge stemming from research results.
收起
摘要 :
The paper delineates three elements of an entrepreneurial university in practice through innovations demonstrating the academic entrepreneurial transition: the Novum Trivium, Professors of Practice (PoPs) and Link initiatives. The...
展开
The paper delineates three elements of an entrepreneurial university in practice through innovations demonstrating the academic entrepreneurial transition: the Novum Trivium, Professors of Practice (PoPs) and Link initiatives. The Novum Trivium provides a model for the integration of entrepreneurship into a liberal arts curriculum, so that students learn how to put their knowledge to use and acquire a new language and new cultural understanding to interact globally. The PoPs initiative interlinks firm and university through shared dual roles in each setting, attracting back to the university on half-time basis scientific entrepreneurs from industry to serve as entrepreneurial role models. The Link projects build on ties between a leading entrepreneurial university (Stanford) and an aspiring one (Edinburgh), taking advantage of the fact that each university is already embedded in its region and could be linked to the other's entrepreneurial culture. The paper demonstrates how industry and higher education are integrated by these initiatives, with the elements of each embedded in the other through shared resources, people and practices.
收起
摘要 :
Recent national and regional innovation policies have both catalysed and compounded the entrepreneurial tendency in higher education, redefining the traditional roles of universities. While academic debate has for some time addres...
展开
Recent national and regional innovation policies have both catalysed and compounded the entrepreneurial tendency in higher education, redefining the traditional roles of universities. While academic debate has for some time addressed the importance of universities to regional economic development, more recent literature has focused explicitly on how universities engage directly with (regional) economies. Such engagement is entirely contingent on the capacity of universities and, since not all universities are equal, this presents a considerable challenge for academic debate and policy makers alike. In other words, public policy and institutional design need to maximize the impact of the `Third Mission by understanding better the factors that underpin it, irrespective of context. This paper introduces entrepreneurial architecture (EA) as both a theoretical bridge and a practical approach that unites endogenous - and mutable - determinants of the entrepreneurial university. First, the paper presents a contextual overview of the academic literature and situates the contribution of EA in contemporary debates. This is followed by development of the conceptual foundations of EA; and the third section concludes with the academic and policy implications of the concept and outlines avenues for future research.
收起
摘要 :
Universities are increasingly challenged to become more socially and economically relevant institutions. While this phenomenon has prompted a growing literature documenting the evolution of the contemporary university, it remains ...
展开
Universities are increasingly challenged to become more socially and economically relevant institutions. While this phenomenon has prompted a growing literature documenting the evolution of the contemporary university, it remains at once both too broadly conceptualized and overly fragmented. Thus, while these literatures continue to grow, they remain largely undertheorized. This paper employs the concept of "entrepreneurial architecture" as a more nuanced perspective to understand this new mission of contemporary universities. This newly emphasized mission has been politically driven through public policy and funding. While providing a theoretical contribution to the study of the entrepreneurial university/university entrepreneurship, the paper also has broader implications for institutions and policymakers as a pragmatic approach.
收起
摘要 :
This paper reports on an examination of the perspectives of academics, enterprise enablers and graduate entrepreneurs of an entrepreneurial higher education institution (HEI). The research was conducted in Ireland among 30 graduat...
展开
This paper reports on an examination of the perspectives of academics, enterprise enablers and graduate entrepreneurs of an entrepreneurial higher education institution (HEI). The research was conducted in Ireland among 30 graduate entrepreneurs and 15 academics and enterprise enablers (enterprise development agency personnel) to provide a triangulated perspective of the HEI. While acknowledging the presence of initiatives to promote entrepreneurship, the graduate entrepreneurs believed that the HEI does not prepare students for self-employment because HEIs are focused on preparing students for employment, because of the academic nature of entrepreneurship education (EE), and because a 'one size fits all' approach to EE fails to recognize the heterogeneity of learners' needs. However, they conceded that graduate enterprise programmes provided them with the necessary 'breathing space'to develop their businesses. In contrast, some enterprise enablers believed that HEIs could be a 'hiding place', protecting student and graduate entrepreneurs from the harsh realities of commercial life. While this paper provides a nuanced understanding of what constitutes good practice, the authors concede that there is no formulaic blueprint for an entrepreneurial HEI. More significantly, they conclude that the notion of an entrepreneurial HEI may yet be a step too far for many institutions, because entrepreneurship has yet to gain legitimacy, particularly in the Irish HE sector.
收起
摘要 :
Recently, entrepreneurial leadership has gained momentum as an emerging paradigm of both research and practice. However, there is not enough knowledge on the theoretical and conceptual basis of this developing area of inquiry and ...
展开
Recently, entrepreneurial leadership has gained momentum as an emerging paradigm of both research and practice. However, there is not enough knowledge on the theoretical and conceptual basis of this developing area of inquiry and many questions are raised on how to develop entrepreneurial leadership competencies specifically in university students. The main purpose of this conceptual paper is to narrow the gap through presenting the theoretical and conceptual foundations of entrepreneurial leadership. This paper also explains different aspects of entrepreneurial learning in the context of university entrepreneurship programs and then proposes a model for entrepreneurial leadership development. The proposed model defines entrepreneurial leadership development based on a dynamic process of experiential, social interactive, observational and reflective learning which provides a foundation for entrepreneurial leadership practice, education and research.
收起
摘要 :
University students represent a reservoir of entrepreneurial talent and an inherent source of creativity and innovation. One way to help unleash their talents as an engine of economic growth is by increasing our understanding of e...
展开
University students represent a reservoir of entrepreneurial talent and an inherent source of creativity and innovation. One way to help unleash their talents as an engine of economic growth is by increasing our understanding of elements—internal or external, real or perceived—that lead to and influence the emergence of new ventures led by students. There is evidence in the literature that the university environment and support system (ESS) can affect the entrepreneurial intention of students attending the institution. The university ESS comprises the support mechanisms necessary for entrepreneurial activity and could motivate students to consider entrepreneurship a possible career choice. Kraaijenbrink et al. developed and validated a university ESS scale that helped them identify three motivational factors of the university ESS influencing entrepreneurial intention. Despite its increasing popularity, a detailed study and analysis of the Kraaijenbrink et al. university ESS scale are still lacking in the extant literature. This study fills that gap by conducting an extensive factor analysis of the university ESS scale using a Bayesian approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time this scale has been the subject of such an extensive investigation. We capitalized on the added flexibility of the Bayesian approach to address novel substantive questions through the mathematical model. We used it to enrich our understanding of the university ESS and generate new ideas for possible scale and model modifications. Furthermore, this evaluation provided novel insight into the relationships among the many dimensions of the university ESS. In the future, similar studies conducted by aspiring entrepreneurial universities could help them interpret the efficacy of their efforts to promote entrepreneurial activities among students.
收起
原文获取